Presentation of the wilaya

The wilaya of El Oued   (in Arabic : ولاية الوادي       / in Berber : Suf / in tifinagh : ⵙⵓⴼ ), is an Algerian wilaya , having as its capital the eponymous city of El Oued , located in the South-East of Algeria . The wilaya has existed since 1984 , it has twelve daïras and thirty municipalities until 2019, then, respectively, eleven and twenty-two since that date following the creation of the wilaya of El M'Ghair  .             

The city of El Oued, capital of Souf , is nicknamed " the city of a thousand domes ", Algerians call it " Oued Souf ".      

Souf, to use the word used. " Wadi in Arabic = river " and the word souf is a Berber word ("Assouf" in Berber zénète) which means river or river (el wadi) !   

The wilaya of El Oued has 10 daïras with 22 municipalities

GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION (Relief - Climate, etc.) 

The wilaya of El Oued is located in the northeast of the Algerian Sahara . It is bordered:  

·         to the north, by the wilayas of Tebessa , Khenchela and Biskra    

·         To the west by the wilayas of El M'Ghair and Touggourt ;   

·         to the south and by the wilaya of Ouargla ;  

·         and to the east by Tunisia . 

 relief:

The wilaya is located north of the sea of ​​the dunes of the great eastern erg . 

Weather :

The climate in El Oued is desert and very dry. The average temperature is 21.8 ° C and the average annual precipitation does not exceed 100 mm .

NATURAL POTENTIALITIES

It includes the greatest wealth of palms nationally and the largest product. 

It contains the largest national reserve of groundwater.

Its soil is suitable for agriculture, construction, and the making of bricks and gypsum. 

It has the largest African table salt and industrial salt mine (Shatt Magigh and Shatt Marawan).

It has an important pastoral area, which includes the largest number of camels nationally.

ECONOMIC POTENTIALITIES

Originally El Oued lived on date palms and subsistence farming in basins called ghots . After independence the Sufis turned to crafts and commerce. Among them are some of the country's most important traders and entrepreneurs. In recent years, with the help of the authorities, there has been a resurgence of activity in agriculture (potatoes, dates, vegetables, etc.).    

The wilaya is home to the industrial zone of Kouinine,

Agricultural potentials

It is a national leader in potato cultivation, but also in other crops such as dates, tomatoes, peanuts, tobacco and others, driven by the orientation of young people towards the agricultural investment and reinforced by the implementation of various measures allowing it to achieve the status of agricultural pole par excellence

El Oued rose to the top of the country's wilayas last year in potato production with a production of 15 million quintals, or some 45% of national production, also representing 70% of production. local plant.

ECONOMIC, ADMINISTRATIVE AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURES

Hydraulic 

 The valley contains some wetlands, the most important of which are: 

- Shatt Marwana, in the commune of Al-Mughayer, occupies an area of ​​8,534 km2.

Shatt Wadi Kharouf in the commune of Sotil.

- Shatt Mlaggh between the valley and Biskra.

- Shatt the merchant.

- Shatt Ayata in the commune of Sidi Amrane.

Noting that there are many basins and shores that have not yet been counted. As for the well-known ponds and shores, they are characterized by the deterioration of their biological environment of plants and animals due to their contamination by lubricating water, dirty waste water and illegal fishing operations. 

Road network 

Rail network:
■ El-MEGHAIER railway station
■ Djamaa railway station (not operated)

^ Airport infrastructure:
■ GUEMAR

Education :  

The wilaya has primary schools, CEMs and high schools

Health

To meet the health needs of the population, the public sector has:

04 general hospitals with 623 beds

—01 hospital with 274 beds in El Oued;

—01 hospital with 139 beds in El Mghaier;

— 90-bed hospital in Djamaa;

—120 bed hospital in Débila.

02 specialized hospitals with 110 beds

—01 “mother and child” hospital with 70 beds in El oued;

— 40-bed ophthalmology hospital in El Oued.

Light structures:

—23 polyclinics;

• 148 treatment rooms;

• 03 urban maternities;

• 14 rural maternities;

• 15 emergency pavilions and guard point.

TOURIST ACTIVITIES

The Grand Erg Oriental is one of the most beautiful tourist sites in the wilaya of the valley because of its dunes which exceed 100 meters in some places, its plants and animals of the desert, in addition to its nomadic inhabitants, while that its orchards and palm trees are unique in Algeria in terms of beauty.

The visitor to the wilaya of El Oued finds himself in front of a unique beauty imprinted by the picturesque nature of the desert in which the white sand and the tall palm trees simulate the eye and the soul to give him a feeling of comfort and a desire to discover all its angles and old houses with great passion.